O kay, kid, here’s the scene. “You’re
the fallen hero—you were everybody’s favourite guy, decorated for bravery in
every war since WWI, police and rescue work, assistant to the blind, protector
of the family, rugged, athletic, handsome, good breeding, a movie and TV
star—the whole nine yards.
“But that was yesterday’s news.
“Now you’re down—really down. Your
success attracted the wrong kind of people and they took you under. You lost
your health, your temper, your reputation. There were rumours of people hurt,
even killed. Stories that you were so crippled you couldn’t walk. You got bad
press. You got people crossing the street to avoid meeting you. Things don’t
look bright.
“But lucky for you, you still got
good people in your corner— people who stood by you all these years. You got a
chance to get back on top and you’re determined to take it. “Now: lights,
camera—action!”
The story of the German Shepherd Dog
(GSD) has all the makings of a blockbuster film: a meteoric rise from obscurity
to dizzying heights of achievement and fame, a tragic slide into misfortune and
notoriety, and a courageous fight for redemption.
Sadly, this is no script and the
true tale’s conclusion has yet to be written: by real people and real dogs who
are still working toward a happy ending.
The story opens in late 19th-century
Germany with the man who is credited with molding the original GSD, Max von
Stephanitz. Taking the best dogs of several shepherd types, Stephanitz focused
on creating the breed that is now described in the American Kennel Club (AKC) Standard
as “a working animal with an incorruptible character combined with body and
gait suitable for the arduous work that constitutes its primary purpose.” By
breeding to strict standards of character, trainability, and physical ability,
Stephanitz and his followers changed the humble sheep herding dogs into the
Deutsche Schäferhunde (literally, German Sheepdog), a multi-talented working
breed that proved itself in almost every field of endeavour open to dogs.
At the same time, the breed’s
appearance became standardized to the German Shepherd we know today: a large,
rugged dog with a wolfish head and erect ears and a thick double coat of medium
length. The colour is usually reddish-brown with black markings, including a
black mask and “saddle,” or sable, where the hairs are a lighter colour such as
grey or gold, tipped in black. Solid black is also acceptable, but pale,
washed-out colours are generally frowned upon.
In 1925, the GSD became the most
popular breed in the US, due partly, no doubt, to the heroic exploits of the
movie stars Rin Tin Tin and Strongheart, both classic GSDs in looks and
onscreen personas (and both of whom have stars on Hollywood’s Walk of Fame).
Since the 1920s, when the GSD began to dominate the popularity polls, the breed
has only dropped out of the AKC Top Ten for a few years surrounding the Second
World War, a time when anything “German” was unpatriotic. For the past fifty
years, the GSD has been in the top four breeds, a standing unmatched by other
breeds. German Shepherds have been the treasured companions of presidents
(Franklin D. Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover, JFK), performers (Jake Gyllenhaal,
Shania Twain), writers (Robert Ludlum, Maurice Sendak), and other celebrities
(Gene Roddenberry, Picasso).
Unfortunately, demand for the GSD
made it an obvious target for people who wanted to make an easy dollar by
breeding and selling the popular pups and who had no knowledge of or interest
in genetics, health, or temperament. Dogs poorly bred and raised began to give
the breed a reputation for being hyperactive, vicious, and unhealthy. The
stigma of hip dysplasia (an inherited condition where the hip joint fails and
the dog becomes crippled) has become firmly affixed to the GSD’s reputation in
the minds of the general public, although the disease actually occurs in many
breeds, not just the German Shepherd.
Under siege from rampant
overbreeding and image problems, the world of GSDs became riddled with
controversy and various groups separated themselves from the mainstream to
pursue their own ideas of the perfect dog. The Shiloh Shepherd was developed
from the GSD in the past few decades as a “larger, sounder, and more
traditional” dog, as was the King Shepherd. Allwhite German Shepherds,
disqualified from AKC shows, maintain a staunch following and have their own
registries and rescue associations. Breeders of working dogs often scorn show
dogs and dogs of German bloodlines may be touted as the only “true” GSDs.
Meanwhile, AKC and CKC breeders cling to their position as defenders of the “official”
German Shepherd Dog in North America.
A lesser dog would have gone down
under this assault, but the GSD has earned the love and loyalty of legions of
passionate fans who will not abandon their breed, one which they are convinced
is still the noblest all-around working dog in existence. Today, dedicated
breeders continue with the task of eliminating genetic health problems and
unstable temperaments to ensure that one of the most popular breeds in the
world can still claim to be one of the finest.
At 110 years old, the German
Shepherd—star, hero, legend— is fighting for a comeback. Go for it, kid; we’re
all rooting for you.